To increase transparency during policy-making process and to stimulate the conversation between stakeholders, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in Taiwan has held a series of forums and seminars since 2017 to invite researchers and relevant stakeholders to attend, and this action has become one of the approaches of communication in policy-making process in these two years. This paper aims to analyze the questions or comments raised by the participants in these forums to understand what is the most important issue in Taiwanese academia, and the response strategies from the funding organization to illustrate how responsible peer review could be achieved in the future.  Based on the result, the general funding mechanism can be considered the most concerning issue and especially the one with peer review process. The researchers questioned the fairness of single-blind peer review, the criteria of assessment and the quality of reviewing.  Hence, the MOST has implemented action plan to improve the quality and aimed to create the consensus on assessment criteria and standard, including organizing the consensus meeting of reviewers, building the evaluation mechanism of reviewers to assuring the quality, providing the example of good comment, allowing applicants to nominate the black-list of reviewers in written review stage, enlarging the pool of reviewers, providing the comments to applicants and revealing the name of reviewers partially after the result notification. Since the key element of peer review is degree of transparency, the more open, the more responsible peer review may be expected. This action plan in education or consensus buildup during peer review process can be the important approach to improve the quality under the single-blind or double-blind peer review mechanism by emphasizing accountability.

How to improve the quality of grant proposal review? -The exercise of responsible peer review in Taiwan

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**Chair:** Marco Seeber, University of Agder


4. Peer review of grant proposals

technical paper

Following the success of the 1st PEERE International Conference on Peer Review, the PEERE COST Action follow-up community organised the second edition of the PEERE International Conference on Peer Review  and was celebrated virtually on 29 September – 1 October 2020.

The conference welcomed any contribution (e.g., original research, position papers, literature reviews) that used any method (e.g., quantitative, experimental or qualitative) to investigate peer review in a variety of scientific domains (e.g., scholarly journals, funding agencies, research assessment). Interdisciplinary research is especially welcome.

The program is published here: http://tiny.cc/peere2020 


PEERE

The second edition of the PEERE International Conference on Peer Review aims to provide a forum for scholars, practitioners and science stakeholders to share research, models, tools and experience on peer review in different fields, e.g., medicine, computer science, social sciences and humanities. It aims to stimulate the use of evidence-based research in the design and implementation of peer review in a variety of fields and encourage more systematic research.

Carey Ming-Li Chen

1

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How to improve the quality of grant proposal review? -The exercise of responsible peer review in Taiwan

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